| Figures and Tables xvii Preface xix Part
I: A Software Engineering Culture 1
Chapter 1: Software Culture
Concepts 3 Culture Defined 3
Growing Your Own Culture
6
A Healthy Software Culture 8 Individual Behaviors
8
Team Behaviors 8
Management Behaviors 9
Organizational Characteristics
9 A Less Healthy Software Culture 10 Individual
Behaviors 10
Management Behaviors 11
Organizational Characteristics 11 Organizational
Options 12
The Management Challenge 15
Summary 18
Culture Builders
and Killers 18
References and Further Reading 19 Chapter
2: Standing On Principle 23 Integrity and Intelligence:
With Customers 24
Integrity and Intelligence: With Managers 27
The Five
Dimensions of a Software Project 28
Summary 33
Culture Builders and Killers
34
References and Further Reading 34 Chapter 3: Recognizing
Achievements Great and Small 35 The Importance of Being
Visible 38
The Importance of Management Attitude 39
Rewards for a Job
Well Done 40
Summary 41
Culture Builders and Killers 42
References
and Further Reading 43 Chapter 4: So Much to Learn, So Little
Time 45 What to Learn 47
Where to Learn 49
Professional Seminar Sources 49
Technical Conferences 50
Publications
51
Videotape Instruction 53
On-Line Information Sources 53
Professional
Societies and Certification 53 Summary 55
Culture Builders
and Killers 55
References and Further Reading 56 Part
II: In Search of Excellent Requirements 59
Chapter 5: Optimizing
Customer Involvement 61
Software Requirements: The Foundation
of Quality 62
The Need for Customer Involvement 64
The Project Champion
Model 66
Project Champion Expectations 69
When the Project Champion Model
Fails 73
Summary 75
Culture Builders and Killers 75
References and
Further Reading 76 Chapter 6: Tools for Sharing the Vision
78 Use Cases 79
Software Requirements Specifications
83
Dialog Maps 91
Prototypes 93
Requirements Traceability Matrices
96
From Requirements to Code 97
Summary 98
Culture Builders and Killers
99
References and Further Reading 100 Part III: Improving
Your Processes 103
Chapter 7: Process Improvement Fundamentals
105
Principles of Process Improvement 106
Getting Started
with Process Improvement 112
Summary 114
Culture Builders and Killers
115
References and Further Reading 116 Chapter 8: Process
Improvement Case Study 117 Making Change Happen 122
Sustaining Momentum
123
Summary 125
Culture Builders and Killers 126
References and Further
Reading 126 Chapter 9: Software Process Maturity 127
The Capability Maturity Model 128 Level 1: Initial 130
Level 2: Repeatable 131
Level 3: Defined 131
Level 4: Managed 132
Level 5: Optimizing 133 Dissenting Opinions 135
Process
Assessments 137
Process Maturity and Culture 139
Summary 140
Culture
Builders and Killers 141
References and Further Reading 141 Chapter
10: Software Development Procedures 146 Standards, Procedures,
and Guidelines, Oh My! 147
Local Development Guidelines 149
Our Software
Development Guidelines 151
IEEE Standards 155
Other Standards Sources
156
Summary 158
Culture Builders and Killers 159
References and Further
Reading 160 Part IV: The Bug Stops Here 163
Chapter 11: The Quality Culture 165
The Cost of Quality
167
Assuring Software Quality 168 How Dense Are Your
Defects? 170
Lines of Code versus Application Functionality 172 How
Good Is Good Enough? 174
An Assault on Defects 178
Explicit SQA Responsibilities
181
Why Do We Think Quality Practices Pay Off? 184
Summary 185
Culture
Builders and Killers 185
References and Further Reading 186 Chapter
12: Improving Quality by Software Inspection 189 Inspections
and Culture 190
Benefits of Inspections 190
Inspections, Walkthroughs,
and Reviews 194
Guiding Principles for Reviews and Inspections 198
Keeping
Records 201
Making Inspections Work in Your Culture 204
Summary 207
Culture Builders and Killers 207
References and Further Reading 208 Chapter
13: Structured Testing 211 Testing and the Quality Culture
212
A Unit Testing Strategy 215
Cyclomatic Complexity and Testing 218
Test Management and Automation 220
Structured Testing Guidelines 222
Summary
224
Culture Builders and Killers 224
References and Further Reading 225 Part
V: Methods, Measures, and Tools 229
Chapter 14: The CASE for
Iteration 231
Types of CASE Tools 233
Hypes of CASE
Tools 235
Lessons from Our CASE History 236
Fitting CASE into Your Culture
244
Other Benefits from CASE 247
Culture Change for CASE 248
Summary
249
Culture Builders and Killers 250
References and Further Reading 251 Chapter
15: Control Change Before It Controls You 254 Benefits
of a Problem Tracking System 255
A Software Change Management Case Study 256
The Software Change Control Board 261
How Change Control Can Simplify Your
Life 262
Learning from Bug Detection Trends 263
Proactive Failure Reporting
265
Making Change Management Work in Your Culture 267
Summary 268
Culture Builders and Killers 269
References and Further Reading 270 Chapter
16: Taking Measures to Stay on Track 272 Why Measurement
Programs Fail 273
Metrics Programs Don't Have to Fail 276
What to Measure
276
How to Design Your Metrics Program 278
Summary 282
Culture Builders
and Killers 283
References and Further Reading 284 Chapter
17: Case Study: Measurement in a Small Software Group 287
Software Work Effort Metrics 287
Trends and Applications 295
Metrics-Based
Project Estimation 297
Lessons from Work Effort Metrics 300
Predicting
Maintainability with Metrics 300
Summary 301
Culture Builders and Killers
302
References and Further Reading 302 Chapter 18: If
It Makes Sense, Do It 304 Summary 308
Culture Builders
and Killers 308
References and Further Reading 309 Part
VI: What to Do on Monday 311
Chapter 19: Action Planning for
Software Managers 313
Action Item Menu 315
Summary
318
References and Further Reading 318 Chapter 20: Action
Planning for Software Engineers 319 Action Item Menu 320
Building a Healthy Workplace 324
Summary 327
References and Further Reading
327 Epilogue 329 Appendix A: Sources for Continued
Software Learning 331 Appendix B: Contact Information for Selected
Resources 337 Bibliography 339 Author Index 349 Subject
Index 351 Reviewers' Comments 359
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